Creating Gender in Linear and nonlinear texts

Wasp Factory

  Frank is hyper-male, until 'he' finds that he is really a girl, with normal female genitalia, not an accidentally castrated male.
  For most of the book 'he' is engaged in terrorising local fauna, building and exploding pipe bombs and other violent activities which he sees as appropriately male.
As narrator 'he' sets the whole tone of the book. His language at the outset of the novel sounds like that of a pre-adolescent boy. At the end of the novel when Frank realizes the truth of her life, her language changes to be much more self-reflexive, as though she has suddenly grown up and put away all of her previous life.
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The tone of the work is strongly masculine, as are the subjects - violence, retribution and murder.
This is obviously the intention of the author so it cannot be just attributed to the author being male, and therefore writing in a masculine style.
  The narrator has to believe himself to be male, has to enact what he thinks of as male actions or there would be no plot.  

However this masculine tone, glorying in violence does have something in common with the attitude to violence in Victory Gardens.

 

  

Overall there seems to be more difference between male and female authors than between linear and nonlinear texts.

In order to evaluate this it would be necessary to have the opinions of a number of readers, of each 'sex'.